use tb_bind_ macro fro draw cube and tri, better type convention on binds.

Feel like opting for u1-4.. (b1-4 not meaning byte anymore, not sure why I bothered, just bools/bits)

code/duffle/dsl.h

@@ -121,6 +121,11 @@ typedef unsigned char   TSet_(B1);
 typedef __UINT16_TYPE__ TSet_(B2); 
 typedef __UINT32_TYPE__ TSet_(B4);
 
+
+#define b1_(value)  C_(B1, value)
+#define b2_(value)  C_(B2, value)
+#define b4_(value)  C_(B4, value)
+
 #define u1_(value)  C_(U1, value)
 #define u2_(value)  C_(U2, value)
 #define u4_(value)  C_(U4, value)
@@ -128,6 +133,13 @@ typedef __UINT32_TYPE__ TSet_(B4);
 #define s2_(value)  C_(S2, value)
 #define s4_(value)  C_(S4, value)
 
+#define b1_r(value) C_(B1*R_, value)
+#define b2_r(value) C_(B2*R_, value)
+#define b4_r(value) C_(B4*R_, value)
+#define b1_v(value) C_(B1 V_*, value)
+#define b2_v(value) C_(B2 V_*, value)
+#define b4_v(value) C_(B4 V_*, value)
+
 #define u1_r(value) C_(U1 *R_, value)
 #define u2_r(value) C_(U2 *R_, value)
 #define u4_r(value) C_(U4 *R_, value)

code/duffle/gp.atom.c

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ATOM_FILE_DEBUGGER_LINE_MARKER(gp_atom_c);
 
 #pragma region MACs (Mips Atom Components)
 
-FI_ Slice_MipsCode ac_gcmd_push(AtomBuilder_R ab, U4 cmd, U4 reg_transfer, U4 reg_base, U2 port)
+FI_ Slice_MipsCode ac_gcmd_push(AtomBuilder_R ab, U2 cmd, Reg reg_transfer, Reg reg_base, U2 port)
 atom_dbg_skip MipsAtomComp_Proc_(ab, {
 	mac_load_word_imm(reg_transfer, cmd),
 	store_word(       reg_transfer, reg_base, port),

code/duffle/gp.h

@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ enum {
  * ============================================================================ */
 
 /* ---------- RGB8 (3-byte packed color) ---------- */
-typedef Struct_(RGB8) { B1 r; B1 g; B1 b; };
+typedef Struct_(RGB8) { U1 r; U1 g; U1 b; };
 #define rgb8(r,g,b) ((RGB8){r,g,b})
 
 /* ---------- PolyTag (the OT-link header; 1 word) ---------- */
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ typedef Struct_(PolyTag) {
 typedef Struct_(Poly_F3) {
 	U4   tag;
 	RGB8 color;
-	B1   code;
+	U1   code;
 	union {
 		struct { V2_S2 p0; V2_S2 p1; V2_S2 p2; };
 		A3_V2_S2 points;
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ typedef Struct_(Poly_F3) {
 typedef Struct_(Poly_F4) {
 	U4   tag;
 	RGB8 color;
-	B1   code;
+	U1   code;
 	union {
 		struct { V2_S2 p0; V2_S2 p1; V2_S2 p2; V2_S2 p3; };
 		A4_V2_S2 points;
@@ -436,18 +436,18 @@ typedef Struct_(Poly_F4) {
 
 /* ---------- Poly_G3 (Gouraud Triangle; 7 words) ---------- */
 typedef Struct_(Poly_G3) {
-	U4    tag; RGB8 c0; B1 code;
-	V2_S2 p0;  RGB8 c1; B1 pad1;
-	V2_S2 p1;  RGB8 c2; B1 pad2;
+	U4    tag; RGB8 c0; U1 code;
+	V2_S2 p0;  RGB8 c1; U1 pad1;
+	V2_S2 p1;  RGB8 c2; U1 pad2;
 	V2_S2 p2;
 };
 
 /* ---------- Poly_G4 (Gouraud Quad; 9 words) ---------- */
 typedef Struct_(Poly_G4) {
-	U4    tag; RGB8 c0; B1 code;
-	V2_S2 p0;  RGB8 c1; B1 pad1;
-	V2_S2 p1;  RGB8 c2; B1 pad2;
-	V2_S2 p2;  RGB8 c3; B1 pad3;
+	U4    tag; RGB8 c0; U1 code;
+	V2_S2 p0;  RGB8 c1; U1 pad1;
+	V2_S2 p1;  RGB8 c2; U1 pad2;
+	V2_S2 p2;  RGB8 c3; U1 pad3;
 	V2_S2 p3;
 };
 
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ typedef Struct_(Poly_G4) {
 typedef Struct_(Poly_FT3) {
 	U4   tag;
 	RGB8 color;
-	B1   code;
+	U1   code;
 	U4   tpage;
 	U4   clut;
 	V2_S2 p0; U1 u0; U1 v0;
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ typedef Struct_(Poly_FT3) {
 typedef Struct_(Poly_FT4) {
 	U4   tag;
 	RGB8 color;
-	B1   code;
+	U1   code;
 	U4   tpage;
 	U4   clut;
 	V2_S2 p0; U1 u0; U1 v0;
@@ -479,9 +479,9 @@ typedef Struct_(Poly_FT4) {
 
 /* ---------- Poly_GT3 (Gouraud Textured Triangle) ---------- */
 typedef Struct_(Poly_GT3) {
-	U4    tag; RGB8 c0; B1 code;
-	V2_S2 p0;  RGB8 c1; B1 pad1;
-	V2_S2 p1;  RGB8 c2; B1 pad2;
+	U4    tag; RGB8 c0; U1 code;
+	V2_S2 p0;  RGB8 c1; U1 pad1;
+	V2_S2 p1;  RGB8 c2; U1 pad2;
 	V2_S2 p2;
 	U4    tpage;
 	U4    clut;
@@ -492,10 +492,10 @@ typedef Struct_(Poly_GT3) {
 
 /* ---------- Poly_GT4 (Gouraud Textured Quad) ---------- */
 typedef Struct_(Poly_GT4) {
-	U4    tag; RGB8 c0; B1 code;
-	V2_S2 p0;  RGB8 c1; B1 pad1;
-	V2_S2 p1;  RGB8 c2; B1 pad2;
-	V2_S2 p2;  RGB8 c3; B1 pad3;
+	U4    tag; RGB8 c0; U1 code;
+	V2_S2 p0;  RGB8 c1; U1 pad1;
+	V2_S2 p1;  RGB8 c2; U1 pad2;
+	V2_S2 p2;  RGB8 c3; U1 pad3;
 	V2_S2 p3;
 	U4    tpage;
 	U4    clut;

code/duffle/memory.h

@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ FI_ void mem_bump(U4 cap, U4*R_ used, U4 amount) {
 	used[0] += amount; 
 }
 
-FI_ U4 mem_copy            (U4 dest, U4 src,   U4 len) { return (U4)(__builtin_memcpy ((void*)dest, (void const*)src,   len)); }
-FI_ U4 mem_copy_overlapping(U4 dest, U4 src,   U4 len) { return (U4)(__builtin_memmove((void*)dest, (void const*)src,   len)); }
-FI_ U4 mem_fill            (U4 dest, U4 value, U4 len) { return (U4)(__builtin_memset ((void*)dest, (int)        value, len)); }
-FI_ B4 mem_zero            (U4 dest,           U4 len) { if(dest == 0){return false;} mem_fill(dest, 0, len); return true; }
+FI_ U4 mem_copy            (U1_R dest, U1_R src, U4 len) { return (U4)(__builtin_memcpy ((void*)dest, (void const*)src,   len)); }
+FI_ U4 mem_copy_overlapping(U1*  dest, U1*  src, U4 len) { return (U4)(__builtin_memmove((void*)dest, (void const*)src,   len)); }
+FI_ U4 mem_fill            (U1_R dest, U4 value, U4 len) { return (U4)(__builtin_memset ((void*)dest, (int)        value, len)); }
+FI_ B4 mem_zero            (U1_R dest,           U4 len) { if(dest == 0){return false;} mem_fill(dest, 0, len); return true; }
 
 #pragma region DAG
 
@@ -58,31 +58,30 @@ typedef Struct_(Str8)        { UTF8* ptr; U4 len; };
 typedef Struct_(Slice_Str8)  { Str8* ptr; U4 len; };
 #define slit(string_literal) (Str8){ (UTF8*) string_literal, S_(string_literal) - 1 }
 
-typedef Struct_(Slice) { B1* ptr; U4 len; };
-FI_ Slice slice_ut_(U4 ptr, U4 len) { return (Slice){(B1*)ptr, len}; }
+typedef Struct_(Slice) { U1* ptr; U4 len; };
+FI_ Slice slice_ut_(U1* ptr, U4 len) { return (Slice){ptr, len}; }
 
 #define Slice_(type)       Struct_(tmpl(Slice,type)) { type* ptr; U4 len; }
-typedef Slice_(B1);
 #define slice_assert(s)    do { assert((s).ptr != 0); assert((s).len > 0); } while(0)
-#define slice_end(slice)   ((slice).ptr + S_slice(slice) / S_(B1))
+#define slice_end(slice)   ((slice).ptr + S_slice(slice))
 #define S_slice(s)         ((s).len * S_((s).ptr[0]))
 
-#define slice_ut(ptr,len)  slice_ut_(u4_(ptr),     u4_(len))
-#define slice_ut_arr(a)    slice_ut_(u4_(a),       S_(a))
-#define slice_to_ut(s)     slice_ut_(u4_((s).ptr), S_slice(s))
+#define slice_ut(ptr,len)  slice_ut_(C_(U1*,ptr),    u4_(len))
+#define slice_ut_arr(a)    slice_ut_(C_(U1*,a),       S_(a))
+#define slice_to_ut(s)     slice_ut_(C_(U1*,(s).ptr), S_slice(s))
 
 #define slice_iter(container, iter)     (T_((container).ptr) iter = (container).ptr; iter != slice_end(container); ++ iter)
 #define slice_arg_from_array(type, ...) & (tmpl(Slice,type)) { .ptr = Array_decl(type,__VA_ARGS__), .len = Array_len( Array_decl(type,__VA_ARGS__)) }
 #define slice_from_array(type, array)     (tmpl(Slice,type)) { .ptr = array, .len = Array_len(array) }
 
-FI_ void slice_zero_(Slice s) { slice_assert(s); mem_zero(u4_(s.ptr), s.len); }
+FI_ void slice_zero_(Slice s) { slice_assert(s); mem_zero(s.ptr, s.len); }
 #define  slice_zero(s)        slice_zero_(slice_to_ut(s))
 
 FI_ void slice_copy_(Slice dest, Slice src) {
 	assert(S_slice(dest) >= S_slice(src));
 	slice_assert(dest);
 	slice_assert(src);
-	mem_copy(u4_(dest.ptr), u4_(src.ptr), S_slice(src));
+	mem_copy(dest.ptr, src.ptr, S_slice(src));
 }
 #define slice_copy(dest, src) do {  \
 	static_assert(T_same(dest, src)); \
@@ -95,6 +94,7 @@ FI_ Slice slice_bump(U4_R used, U4 start, U4 len, U4 amount) {
 	return slice_ut(ptr, amount);
 }
 
+typedef Slice_(B1);
 typedef Slice_(U1);
 typedef Slice_(U4);
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ I_  Slice farena_push(FArena_R arena, U4 amount, Opt_farena o) {
 	U4 to_commit = align_pow2(desired, o.alignment ?  o.alignment : MEM_ALIGNMENT_DEFAULT);
 	U4 ptr       = arena->start + arena->used;
 	mem_bump(arena->capacity, & arena->used, to_commit);
-	return (Slice){ (B1*)ptr, to_commit };
+	return (Slice){ (U1*)ptr, to_commit };
 }
 FI_ void farena_reset (FArena_R arena) { arena->used = 0; }
 FI_ void farena_rewind(FArena_R arena, U4 save_point) {

code/duffle/tape.h

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ typedef U2 Reg; // Register parameter used with atom or atom component procedure
 typedef U4 const MipsCode; // Underlying type to mips asm words.
 typedef Slice_(MipsCode);
 
-typedef U4 const MipsAtom; // Underlying type to a mips atom defnition 
+typedef U4 const MipsAtom; // Underlying type to a mips atom definition 
 typedef Slice_(MipsAtom);
 
 // Sometimes a user will define a bundle of atoms that represent a procedure of work as:
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ typedef Slice_(MipsAtom);
 	 The constant is in `.rodata` so the linker may eliminate it. */
 #define ATOM_FILE_DEBUGGER_LINE_MARKER(file_name) internal U4 const tmpl(atom_file_debugger_line_marker,file_name) = 0
 
-typedef Slice_MipsAtom Tape;
+typedef Struct_(Tape) { union { MipsAtom* ptr; U4* inlaid_data; }; U4 len; };
 
 typedef Struct_(TapeHostFrame) {
 	U4 s0;
@@ -249,12 +249,8 @@ FI_ void tb_emit(TapeBuilder* tb, MipsAtom* atom) { u4_r(tb->ptr)[tb->used] = u4
 FI_ void tb_data(TapeBuilder* tb, U4        data) { u4_r(tb->ptr)[tb->used] = u4_(data); ++ tb->used; }
 #define tb_emit_(atom)        tb_emit(& tb, atom)
 
-FI_ void tb_bind(TapeBuilder* tb, Slice data) { mem_copy(tb->ptr + tb->used * S_(MipsCode), u4_(data.ptr), data.len); tb->used += data.len / S_(MipsCode); }
-#define tb_bind_(tb,type,...) tb_bind(tb, (Slice){ (B1*)(& (type){__VA_ARGS__}), S_(type) }); static_assert(S_(type) % S_(MipsCode) == 0)
-
-// NOTE(Ed): Wip still ideating convention. Possibly will never use a composite.
-#define tb_emit_wbind_(tb,atom,...)       tb_emit(tb,atom); tb_bind_(tb,tmpl(Binds,atom),__VA_ARGS__)
-#define tb_emit_wbind2_(tb,atom,type,...) tb_emit(tb,atom); tb_bind_(tb,type,__VA_ARGS__)
+FI_ void tb_bind(TapeBuilder* tb, Slice data) { mem_copy(b1_r(tb->ptr + tb->used * S_(MipsCode)), data.ptr, data.len); tb->used += data.len / S_(MipsCode); }
+#define tb_bind_(tb,type,...) tb_bind(tb, (Slice){ (U1*)(& (type){__VA_ARGS__}), S_(type) }); static_assert(S_(type) % S_(MipsCode) == 0)
 
 FI_ Tape tb_end  (TapeBuilder* tb) { tb_emit(tb,tape_exit); return (Tape){ C_(U4*,tb->ptr), tb->used }; }
 FI_ Tape tb_slice(TapeBuilder  tb) {                        return (Tape){ C_(U4*,tb.ptr),  tb.used }; }
@@ -262,6 +258,12 @@ FI_ Tape tb_slice(TapeBuilder  tb) {                        return (Tape){ C_(U4
 
 FI_ void tb_scope_run_end(TapeBuilder* tb) { tb_emit(tb,tape_exit); tape_run(tb_slice(tb[0])); }
 #define tb_scope_run(tb) for(U4 tbs_once=0;tbs_once==0;++tbs_once,tb_scope_run_end(tb))
+
+
+// NOTE(Ed): Wip still ideating convention. Possibly will never use a composite.
+#define tb_emit_wbind_(tb,atom,...)       tb_emit(tb,atom); tb_bind_(tb,tmpl(Binds,atom),__VA_ARGS__)
+#define tb_emit_wbind2_(tb,atom,type,...) tb_emit(tb,atom); tb_bind_(tb,type,__VA_ARGS__)
+
 #pragma endregion Tape Drive
 
 #pragma region Macro Mips Atom Components
@@ -299,7 +301,7 @@ typedef Relative_(FArena) Struct_(AtomBuilder) { U4 start; U4 capacity; U4 used;
 FI_ void atombuilder_push(AtomBuilder_R ab, Slice_MipsCode code) {
 	assert(ab->capacity - ab->used - code.len);
 	U4 dest = ab->start + ab->used * S_(MipsCode); U4 size = S_slice(code);
-	mem_copy(dest, u4_(code.ptr), size); ab->used += size;
+	mem_copy(b1_r(dest), b1_r(code.ptr), size); ab->used += size;
 }
 #define atombuilder_push_mac(ab, mac) atombuilder_push(ab, slice_arg_from_array(Slice_MipsCode, mac))
 
@@ -323,7 +325,7 @@ FI_ AtomArena atomarena_make(Slice mem) { AtomArena a; atomarena_init(& a, mem);
 FI_ MipsAtom* atomarena_push(AtomArena_R aa, Slice_MipsCode code) {
 	assert(aa->capacity - aa->used - code.len);
 	U4 dest = atomarena_unused_start(aa[0]); U4 size = S_slice(code);
-	mem_copy(dest, u4_(code.ptr), size); aa->used += size;
+	mem_copy(b1_r(dest), b1_r(code.ptr), size); aa->used += size;
 	return C_(MipsAtom*, dest);
 }
 FI_ void atomarena_reset(AtomArena_R aa) { aa->used = 0; }
@@ -354,24 +356,16 @@ internal Reg const regfile_alloc_order[] = {
 	R_T8, R_T9,
 };
 
-typedef Struct_(RegFile) {
-	A2_U2 GPR;
-	A2_U2 GTE;
-};
+typedef Struct_(RegFile) { A2_U2 GPR; };
 #define regfile(pin_mask) {.GPR={u4_lo(pin_mask), u4_hi(pin_mask)} }
 FI_ void regfile_init(RegFile_R rf) {
 	/* pack the 32-bit ABI mask into the two U2s */
 	rf->GPR[0] = u4_lo(regfile_abi_mask);
 	rf->GPR[1] = u4_hi(regfile_abi_mask);
-	rf->GTE[0] = rf->GTE[1] = 0;
 }
 FI_ RegFile regfile_make(void) { RegFile rf; regfile_init(& rf); return rf; }
 
-typedef Struct_(RegFile_RInfo) {
-	U2_R section;
-	U2   mask;
-	B2   occupied;
-};
+typedef Struct_(RegFile_RInfo) { U2_R section; U2 mask; B2 occupied; };
 FI_ RegFile_RInfo regfile_rinfo(A2_U2 file, Reg r_id) {
 	U2   s_id     = r_id >> 4;
 	U2_R section  = & file[s_id];
@@ -381,15 +375,11 @@ FI_ RegFile_RInfo regfile_rinfo(A2_U2 file, Reg r_id) {
 }
 FI_ Reg regfile__alloc_helper(A2_U2 file, Reg r_id) {
 	Reg result = 0; RegFile_RInfo info = regfile_rinfo(file, r_id);
-	if (info.occupied == false) {
-		info.section[0] |= info.mask;
-		result           = r_id;
-	}
+	if (info.occupied == false) { info.section[0] |= info.mask; result = r_id; }
 	return result; 
 }
 I_ Reg regfile_alloc(RegFile_R rf) { 
-	Reg allocated = 0;
-	for index_iter(U4, r_id, R_V0, <, R_T9) {
+	Reg allocated = 0; for index_iter(U4, r_id, R_V0, <, R_T9) {
 		allocated = regfile__alloc_helper(rf->GPR, r_id);
 		Jmp_nZero_(allocated,resolved);
 	}
@@ -403,8 +393,7 @@ FI_ Reg regfile_pin(RegFile_R rf, Reg r_id) {
 	return r_id;
 }
 FI_ void regfile_pin_mask(RegFile_R rf, U4 mask) {
-	B4 occupied = u4_r(rf->GPR)[0] & mask;
-	assert(occupied == false);
+	B4 occupied = u4_r(rf->GPR)[0] & mask; assert(occupied == false);
 	u4_r(rf->GPR)[0] |= mask;
 }
 FI_ void regfile_free_mask(RegFile_R rf, U4 mask) {
@@ -412,8 +401,7 @@ FI_ void regfile_free_mask(RegFile_R rf, U4 mask) {
 	u4_r(rf->GPR)[0] &= ~mask;
 }
 FI_ void regfile_free_reg(RegFile_R rf, Reg r_id) {
-	/* never free the ABI set */
-	if (regfile_abi_mask & (1u << r_id)) return;
+	if (regfile_abi_mask & (1u << r_id)) return; // never free the ABI set
 	RegFile_RInfo info = regfile_rinfo(rf->GPR, r_id);
 	info.section[0] &= ~info.mask;
 }
@@ -447,7 +435,6 @@ FI_ void regfile_reset_to_mask(RegFile_R rf, U4 mask) {
 		add_si(r.t1.view_3, r.usual_modifiable, 10),
 		mac_yield(),
 	})
-
 #pragma endregion Mips Atom Procs
 
 #pragma region Baked Mips Atoms

code/hello_camera/hello_camera.atom.c

@@ -237,8 +237,8 @@ enum {
 };
 //screen_env_init. Mirrors the libpsyx's SetDefDispEnv + SetDefDrawEnv + the manual enable_auto_clear / initial_bg_color writes.
 internal MipsAtom_(screen_env_init) atom_info(atom_phase(screen_init)
-,	atom_reads(R_T0, R_ScreenX, R_ScreenY, R_ScreenBuf)
-, atom_writes(R_T0, R_ScreenX, R_ScreenY)
+,	atom_reads(R_ScreenBuf)
+, atom_writes(R_ScreenBuf)
 ) {
 	/* display[0] = (0, 0, 320, 240); rest of struct zeroed. */
 	add_ui(R_ScreenX, R_0, ScreenRes_X), add_ui(R_ScreenY, R_0, ScreenRes_Y),
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ typedef Struct_(Binds_PadInputCam) {
 	Camera*   cam;
 };
 internal MipsAtom_(pad_input_cam) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_PadInputCam)
-, atom_reads( R_Cam, R_CamPadState, R_TapePtr)
+, atom_reads( R_Cam, R_CamPadState)
 , atom_writes(R_Cam)
 ) {
 	/* Bind pop: state → R_CamPadState (R_T5), cam → R_Cam (R_T4), advance R_TapePtr by 8. */
@@ -499,20 +499,17 @@ enum {
 #define R_OtBase_Code      R_T6_Code
 };
 typedef Struct_(Binds_CubeTri) {
-	U4     PrimCursor;
-	V4_S2* FaceCursor;
-	V3_S2* VertBase;
-	U4*    OtBase;
+	U1*    prim_cursor;
+	V4_S2* face_cursor;
+	V3_S2* vert_base;
+	U4*    ot_base;
 };
-internal MipsAtom_(rbind_cube_g4_face) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_CubeTri), atom_phase(cube_g4)
-,	atom_reads(R_TapePtr)
-,	atom_writes(R_PrimCursor, R_FaceCursor, R_VertBase, R_OtBase, R_TapePtr)
-){
+internal MipsAtom_(rbind_cube_g4_face) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_CubeTri), atom_phase(cube_g4)){
 	/* Pop 4 arguments from the tape directly into the workspace registers */
-	load_word(R_PrimCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,PrimCursor)),
-	load_word(R_FaceCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,FaceCursor)),
-	load_word(R_VertBase,   R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,VertBase)),
-	load_word(R_OtBase,     R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,OtBase)),
+	load_word(R_PrimCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,prim_cursor)),
+	load_word(R_FaceCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,face_cursor)),
+	load_word(R_VertBase,   R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,vert_base)),
+	load_word(R_OtBase,     R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,ot_base)),
 	LdSlot_ add_ui_self(    R_TapePtr, S_(Binds_CubeTri)),
 	mac_yield()
 };
@@ -530,11 +527,11 @@ MipsAtom_(cube_g4_face) atom_info(atom_phase(cube_g4),
 
 	LdSlot_ mac_gte_load_tri_verts(R_VertBase, R_T0, R_T1, R_T2), 
 		GteDelay_ load_half_u(R_T3, R_FaceCursor, 3 * S_(S2)), LdSlot_
-		GteDelay_ load_word(R_AtomJmp, R_TapePtr, 0),          LdSlot_ //ac_yield: word 2,
+		GteDelay_ load_word(R_AtomJmp, R_TapePtr, 0),          LdSlot_ //ac_yield: word 1,
 	gte_cmdw_rotate_translate_perspective_triple,
 	gte_cmdw_nclip,
 
-	gte_mv_from_data_r(R_T0, C2_MAC0), GteDelay_ add_ui_self(R_TapePtr, S_(MipsCode)), // ac_yield: word 1
+	gte_mv_from_data_r(R_T0, C2_MAC0), GteDelay_ add_ui_self(R_TapePtr, S_(MipsCode)), // ac_yield: word 2
 	branch_le_zero(R_T0, atom_offset(cull, cube_g4_face_exit)),
 		/* BD-slot: Write the prim tag (R_0=0; overwrites the legacy tag word in the prim_buffer).
 		 * If branch IS taken (face culled), the body is skipped and this 0-tag is stranded —
@@ -564,16 +561,16 @@ MipsAtom_(cube_g4_face) atom_info(atom_phase(cube_g4),
 // end: branch(cull)
 
 atom_label(cube_g4_face_exit)
-	add_ui_self(R_PrimCursor, S_(Poly_G4)),     /* 9 words = Poly_G4 */
-	add_ui_self(R_FaceCursor, S_(S2) * 4),      /* 4 × S2 = 8 bytes */
+	add_ui_self(R_PrimCursor, S_(Poly_G4)), // 9 words = Poly_G4
+	add_ui_self(R_FaceCursor, S_(S2) * 4),  // 4 × S2 = 8 bytes
 	jump_reg(R_AtomJmp), BdSlot_ nop      // ac_yield: word 3-4
 };
 
 typedef Struct_(Binds_FloorTri) {
-	U4     PrimCursor;
-	V3_S2* FaceCursor;
-	V3_S2* VertBase;
-	U4*    OtBase;
+	U1*    prim_cursor;
+	V3_S2* face_cursor;
+	V3_S2* vert_base;
+	U4*    ot_base;
 };
 internal
 MipsAtom_(rbind_floor_f3_face) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_FloorTri), atom_phase(floor_f3)
@@ -581,10 +578,10 @@ MipsAtom_(rbind_floor_f3_face) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_FloorTri), atom_phase(f
 	, atom_writes(R_PrimCursor, R_FaceCursor, R_VertBase, R_OtBase, R_TapePtr)
 ){
 	/* Pop 4 arguments from the tape directly into the workspace registers */
-	load_word(R_PrimCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,PrimCursor)),
-	load_word(R_FaceCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,FaceCursor)),
-	load_word(R_VertBase,   R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,VertBase)),
-	load_word(R_OtBase,     R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,OtBase)),
+	load_word(R_PrimCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,prim_cursor)),
+	load_word(R_FaceCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,face_cursor)),
+	load_word(R_VertBase,   R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,vert_base)),
+	load_word(R_OtBase,     R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,ot_base)),
 	LdSlot_ add_ui_self(    R_TapePtr, S_(Binds_FloorTri)),
 	mac_yield()
 };
@@ -626,10 +623,9 @@ atom_label(floor_f3_face_exit)
 	jump_reg(R_AtomJmp), BdSlot_ nop // ac_yield: word 3-4
 };
 
-typedef Struct_(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena) { U4 used; U4 cursor; };
+typedef Struct_(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena) { U4* used; U1* cursor; };
 internal MipsAtom_(sync_primitive_arena) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena)
-	, atom_reads( R_TapePtr, R_PrimCursor)
-	, atom_writes(R_TapePtr)
+	, atom_reads(R_PrimCursor), atom_writes(R_AT)
 ){
 	load_word(R_AT, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena,used)),
 	load_word(R_T0, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena,cursor)), LdSlot_

code/hello_camera/hello_camera.c

@@ -93,11 +93,11 @@ extern SMemory smem;
 #define pad0_btn_(btn) btn & smem.pad[0].buttons
 #define pad1_btn_(btn) btn & smem.pad[1].buttons
 
-I_ B1* prim__alloc(U4 type_width, Str8 type_name) {
+I_ U1* prim__alloc(U4 type_width, Str8 type_name) {
 	gknown PrimitiveArena* pa  = & smem.primitives;
-	gknown B1*             buf = (B1*) r_(smem.primitives.buf)[smem.active_buf_id];
+	gknown U1*             buf = (U1*) r_(smem.primitives.buf)[smem.active_buf_id];
 	assert(pa->used + type_width < PrimitiveBuff_Len);
-	B1* next  = buf + pa->used;
+	U1* next  = buf + pa->used;
 	pa->used += type_width;
 	return next;
 }
@@ -241,26 +241,15 @@ FI_ void camera_look_at(TapeBuilder_R tb, Camera* c, P3_S4* target, V3_S4* up_in
 void update(PrimitiveArena* pa, U4* ordering_buf) 
 {
 	TapeBuilder tb = tb_make(slice_ut_arr(smem.MemTape));
-
-	// Pad Input
-	{
+	/*Pad Input*/ {
 		tb.used = 0; tb_scope_run(& tb) {
 			// Grab latest state from bios.
 			tb_emit_(pad_bios_snapshot);
 				tb_data(& tb, u4_(& smem.pad_raw[0]));
 				tb_data(& tb, u4_(& smem.pad[0]));
-			// tb_emit_(pad_bios_snapshot);
-			// 	tb_data_(raw,   & smem.pad_raw[1]);
-			// 	tb_data_(state, & smem.pad[1]);
-
 			tb_emit_(pad_input_cam);
 				tb_data(& tb, u4_(& smem.pad[0]));
 				tb_data(& tb, u4_(& smem.cam));
-
-			// tb_emit_(pad_input_cube_rotation);
-			// 	tb_data_(state,     & smem.pad[0]);
-			// 	tb_data_(cube_rot,  & smem.cube.rot);
-			// 	tb_data_(floor_rot, & smem.floor.rot);
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -298,33 +287,28 @@ void update(PrimitiveArena* pa, U4* ordering_buf)
 		mt3s2s4_rotation   (& smem.cube.rot,    & smem.tform_world);
 		mt3s2s4_translation(& smem.tform_world, & smem.cube.pos);
 		mt3s2s4_scale      (& smem.tform_world, & smem.cube.scale);
-
 		// Combine world and look_at matrix.
 		gte_comp_coord_m3s2(& smem.cam.look_at, & smem.tform_world, & smem.tform_view);
 		gte_matrix_set_rotation   (& smem.tform_view);
 		gte_matrix_set_translation(& smem.tform_view);
 
-		U4 prim_base   = u4_(pa->buf[smem.active_buf_id]);
-		U4 prim_cursor = prim_base + pa->used;
-
-		tb.used = 0; tb_scope(& tb) {
-			tb_emit(& tb, rbind_cube_g4_face);
-				tb_data(& tb, prim_cursor);
-				tb_data(& tb, u4_(smem.cube.faces));
-				tb_data(& tb, u4_(smem.cube.verts));
-				tb_data(& tb, u4_(ordering_buf));
-
+		U1* prim_base   = u1_r(pa->buf[smem.active_buf_id]);
+		U1* prim_cursor = prim_base + pa->used;
+		tb.used = 0; tb_scope_run(& tb) {
+			tb_emit(& tb, rbind_cube_g4_face); tb_bind_(& tb, Binds_CubeTri, 
+				.prim_cursor = prim_cursor,
+				.face_cursor = smem.cube.faces,
+				.vert_base   = smem.cube.verts,
+				.ot_base     = ordering_buf,
+			);
 			for (U4 i = 0; i < Cube_num_faces; i++) {
-				// Two triangles per quad face: (x,y,z) and (x,z,w)
-				tb_emit(& tb, cube_g4_face);
+				tb_emit(& tb, cube_g4_face); // Two triangles per quad face: (x,y,z) and (x,z,w)
 			}
-
-			tb_emit(& tb, sync_primitive_arena);
-				tb_data(& tb, u4_(& pa->used));
-				tb_data(& tb, prim_base);
+			tb_emit(& tb, sync_primitive_arena); tb_bind_(& tb, Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena,
+				.used   = & pa->used,
+				.cursor = prim_base,
+			);
 		}
-		tape_run(tb_slice(tb));// Fire off the tape (bigger-clobber variant).
-
 		// smem.cube.rot.y += 30;
 	}
 	// Draw floor
@@ -340,33 +324,29 @@ void update(PrimitiveArena* pa, U4* ordering_buf)
 		gte_matrix_set_rotation   (& smem.tform_view);
 		gte_matrix_set_translation(& smem.tform_view);
 
-		U4 prim_base   = u4_(pa->buf[smem.active_buf_id]);
-		U4 prim_cursor = prim_base + pa->used;
+		U1_R prim_base   = u1_r(pa->buf[smem.active_buf_id]);
+		U1_R prim_cursor = prim_base + pa->used;
 
 		// TODO(Ed): We should do a bounds check beforehand to confirm pa can hold all tris?
 		// The tape atoms in-flight should not need to care.
 
 		// Prepare the tape. (Push protocol to tape)
-		tb.used = 0; tb_scope(& tb) {
-			// tb_emit(& tb, set_gte_mt3s2s4);
-			// 	tb_data(& tb, u4_(& smem.tform_view));
-
-			tb_emit(& tb, rbind_floor_f3_face);
-			// TODO(Ed): Just use a single context struct ref?
-				tb_data(& tb, prim_cursor);
-				tb_data(& tb, u4_(smem.floor.faces));
-				tb_data(& tb, u4_(smem.floor.verts));
-				tb_data(& tb, u4_(ordering_buf));
+		tb.used = 0; tb_scope_run(& tb) {
+			tb_emit(& tb, rbind_floor_f3_face); tb_bind_(& tb, Binds_FloorTri,
+				.prim_cursor = prim_cursor,
+				.face_cursor = smem.floor.faces,
+				.vert_base   = smem.floor.verts,
+				.ot_base     = ordering_buf,
+			);
 			for (U4 i = 0; i < Floor_num_faces; i++) {
 				tb_emit(& tb, floor_f3_face);
 			}
 			// After floor_f3_face iterations complete, the primitive arena's used counter needs updating.
-			tb_emit(& tb, sync_primitive_arena);
-				tb_data(& tb, u4_(& pa->used));
-				tb_data(& tb, prim_base);
+			tb_emit(& tb, sync_primitive_arena); tb_bind_(& tb, Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena,
+				.used   = & pa->used,
+				.cursor = prim_base,
+			);
 		}
-		tape_run(tb_slice(tb));// Fire off the tape (bigger-clobber variant).
-
 		// C-side state (pa->used) has already been updated by the tape!
 		// smem.floor.rot.y += 5;
 	}
@@ -390,6 +370,19 @@ void gp_display_frame(DoubleBuffer* screen_buf, S4* active_buf_id, U4* ordering_
 int main(void)
 {
 	smem = (SMemory){0};
+
+	B4 basic_sample = false; if (basic_sample) {
+		// We will be defining the tape here along with its atom, then running the tape after.
+		TapeBuilder tb = tb_make(slice_ut_arr(smem.MemTape));
+		MipsCode add_one_to_R_T1[] = {
+			add_ui_self(R_T1, 1),
+			mac_yield(),
+		};
+		tb_emit(& tb, C_(MipsAtom*, add_one_to_R_T1));
+		Tape tape = tb_end(& tb);
+		tape_run(tape);
+	}
+
 	// smem.primitives.used = 0;
 	// smem.active_buf_id   = 0;
 	smem.cam.pos = v3s4(500, -1000, -1500);

code/hello_camera/hello_camera.h

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ enum {
 typedef U4 OrderingTable_Buffer[OrderingTbl_Len];
 typedef Array_(OrderingTable_Buffer, 2);
 
-typedef B1 PrimitiveBuffer[PrimitiveBuff_Len];
+typedef U1 PrimitiveBuffer[PrimitiveBuff_Len];
 typedef Array_(PrimitiveBuffer, 2);
 typedef Struct_(PrimitiveArena) {
 	A2_PrimitiveBuffer buf;
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ I_ void ent_cube128_init(A8_V3_S2* verts, A6_V4_S2* faces) {
 		{ 2, 3, 6, 7 },
 		{ 3, 0, 7, 4 },
 	};
-	mem_copy(u4_(verts), u4_(& baked_verts), S_(A8_V3_S2) );
-	mem_copy(u4_(faces), u4_(& baked_faces), S_(A6_V4_S2) );
+	mem_copy(b1_r(verts), b1_r(& baked_verts), S_(A8_V3_S2) );
+	mem_copy(b1_r(faces), b1_r(& baked_faces), S_(A6_V4_S2) );
 	return;
 }
 typedef Struct_(Ent_Cube) {
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ I_ void ent_floor_init(A4_V3_S2* verts, A2_V3_S2* faces) {
 		{ 0, 1, 2 },
 		{ 1, 3, 2 },
 	};
-	mem_copy(u4_(verts), u4_(& baked_verts), S_(A4_V3_S2));
-	mem_copy(u4_(faces), u4_(& baked_faces), S_(A2_V3_S2));
+	mem_copy(b1_r(verts), b1_r(& baked_verts), S_(A4_V3_S2));
+	mem_copy(b1_r(faces), b1_r(& baked_faces), S_(A2_V3_S2));
 };
 typedef Struct_(Ent_Floor) {
 	V3_S4 accel;