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Preparing for camera transformation chapter.

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ed
2026-08-05 01:21:25 -04:00
parent 2757aa4330
commit f25765a7b7
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code/hello_camera/hello_camera.atom.c
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#ifdef INTELLISENSE_DIRECTIVES
# pragma once
# include "duffle/gen/macs.h"
# include "duffle/gen/offsets.h"
# include "duffle/dsl.atom.h"
# include "duffle/lottes_tape.h"
# include "duffle/mips.h"
# include "duffle/gte.h"
# include "duffle/gp.h"
# include "duffle/pad.h"
# include "duffle/word_count.metadata.h"
# include "duffle/psyq.h"
# include "duffle/math.atom.c"
# include "duffle/mips.atom.c"
# include "duffle/gte.atom.c"
# include "duffle/gp.atom.c"
# include "duffle/psyq.atom.c"
# include "gen/offsets.h"
# include "gen/macs.h"
# include "hello_camera.h"
#endif
ATOM_FILE_DEBUGGER_LINE_MARKER(hello_joypad_atom_c);
#pragma region MACs (Mips Atom components)
FI_ Slice_MipsCode ac_put_disp_env(U4 reg_transfer, U4 reg_base, U2 port)
MipsAtomComp_Proc_(ac_put_disp_env, {
// Emits 5 GP0 commands for buffer 0 (display_area = (0,0,320,240)).
// Sequence per libpsyx PutDispEnv: DrawArea TL → DrawArea BR → Mask → DrawArea TL → DrawArea BR
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_draw_area_top_left_origin, reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_draw_area_bottom_right_320x240, reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_set_mask_bit(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_draw_area_top_left_origin, reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_draw_area_bottom_right_320x240, reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
})
FI_ Slice_MipsCode ac_put_draw_env(U4 reg_transfer, U4 reg_base, U2 port)
MipsAtomComp_Proc_(ac_put_draw_env, {
/*
* ORIGIN: each code word corresponds to the EXACT value libpsyx's PutDrawEnv function would compute for the same DrawEnv settings.
* References:
* - libpsyx source: `toolchain/psyq-4_7/lib/libgpu.a` (binary, function `PutDrawEnv`)
* - PSX-SPX doc: https://problemkaputt.de/psx-spx.htm#gputdrawingcommands
* - PSYQ SDK: `setdrawenv` / `makelongdr_env` source
* - NOCASH PSX spec: §"GP0(E1h) Draw Mode setting" through §"DR_ENV"
*
* The 16-word format is documented in the PSYQ SDK manual and on NOCASH's PSX-spec.txt. The libpsyx reference is at:
* ./toolchain/psyq-4_7/lib/libgpu.a
* (binary; the PutDrawEnv implementation builds the 16-word DR_ENV from the user's DRAWENV struct and emits it via GP0 GPU commands.)
*
* Word indices (libpsyx PutDrawEnv / SetDrawEnv order):
* tag = (length << 24) | addr — 16-word packet (1 tag + 15 code)
* code[0] = DrawMode (dfe=1, dtd=0, tpage=0) — must come first per libpsyx
* code[1] = TextureWindow (tw=(0,0)) — bare-cmd word; GPU uses current state
* code[2] = DrawArea top-left (clip.x=0, clip.y=240)
* code[3] = DrawArea bottom-right (clip.x+w=320, clip.y+h=480)
* code[4] = DrawOffset (ofs=(0,0)) — bare-cmd word
* code[5] = Mask (dtd=0, dfe=1, isbg=1) — 0xE6 cmd + isbg bit
* code[6] = Initial-bg-color (isbg=1, r=7, g=7, b=7)
* code[7] = DrawMode (isbg=1, tpage=0) — re-asserts DrawMode with isbg
* code[8..10] = padding (NOP) — 3 words to fill the packet
* code[11..12] = TextureWindow bottom-right — defaults to (0,0,0,0)
* code[13..14] = padding (NOP) — completes the 16-word packet
*/
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_dr_env_tag, reg_transfer, reg_base, port), /* tag (length=15 << 24, addr=0) — packet header for the DR_ENV sequence. The GPU needs this to recognize the next 15 words as a DR_ENV packet and trigger the isbg auto-clear. */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_draw_mode_drawing_allowed, reg_transfer, reg_base, port), /* code[0] DrawMode (dfe=1, dtd=0, tpage=0) */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_set_texture_window(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port), /* code[1] TextureWindow (tw=(0,0)) */
mac_gcmd_push(enc_gp0_draw_area_tl_word(0, ScreenRes_Y), reg_transfer, reg_base, port), /* code[2] DrawArea top-left (clip.x=0, clip.y=ScreenRes_Y=240) */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_draw_area_bottom_right_320x240, reg_transfer, reg_base, port), /* code[3] DrawArea bottom-right (clip.x+w=320, clip.y+h=480) */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_set_draw_offset(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port), /* code[4] DrawOffset (ofs=(0,0)) — bare-cmd word; the GPU uses the current state machine. */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_dr_env_mask(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port), /* code[5] Mask (dtd=0, dfe=1, isbg=1) — 0xE6 cmd + isbg bit. */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_dr_env_bg_color_cmd(1, 7, 7, 7), reg_transfer, reg_base, port), /* code[6] Initial-bg-color + auto-clear (isbg=1, r=7, g=7, b=7). */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_dr_env_draw_mode(1), reg_transfer, reg_base, port), /* code[7] Re-assert DrawMode with isbg=1 (isbg-flag set; the 0xE1 cmd byte plus isbg only). */
/* code[8..10] Padding (NOP — GPU discards; the DR_ENV requires 16 words total). */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_nop(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_nop(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_nop(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
/* code[11..12] TextureWindow bottom-right (tw.x+tw.w=0, tw.y+tw.h=0) — libpsyx emits twice. */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_set_texture_window(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_set_texture_window(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
/* code[13..14] Padding (NOP) — completes the 16-word packet. */
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_nop(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
mac_gcmd_push(gp0_word_nop(), reg_transfer, reg_base, port),
})
#pragma endregion MACs
#pragma region Baked Atoms
enum {
R_ScreenX = R_T5 atom_reg atom_type(U2),
R_ScreenY = R_T6 atom_reg atom_type(U2),
R_ScreenBuf = R_T7 atom_reg, /* Caller-pinned: & smem.screen_buf */
#define R_ScreenBuf_Code R_T7_Code
};
//screen_env_init. Mirrors the libpsyx's SetDefDispEnv + SetDefDrawEnv + the manual enable_auto_clear / initial_bg_color writes.
internal MipsAtom_(screen_env_init) atom_info(atom_phase(screen_init)
, atom_reads(R_T0, R_ScreenX, R_ScreenY, R_ScreenBuf)
, atom_writes(R_T0, R_ScreenX, R_ScreenY)
) {
/* display[0] = (0, 0, 320, 240); rest of struct zeroed. */
add_ui(R_ScreenX, R_0, ScreenRes_X), add_ui(R_ScreenY, R_0, ScreenRes_Y),
mac_store_v2s2(R_ScreenX, R_ScreenY, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DisplayEnv,display_area.width) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,display,0)),
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DisplayEnv,display_area) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,display,0)),
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DisplayEnv,screen) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,display,0)),
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DisplayEnv,vinterlace) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,display,0)),
/* display[1] = (0, 240, 320, 240); rest of struct zeroed. */
mac_store_rects2(R_0, R_ScreenY, R_ScreenX, R_ScreenY, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DisplayEnv,display_area) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,display,1)),
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DisplayEnv,screen) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,display,1)),
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DisplayEnv,vinterlace) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,display,1)),
mac_store_rects2(R_0, R_ScreenY, R_ScreenX, R_ScreenY, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,clip_area) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,0)), /* draw[0].clip_area = (0, 240, 320, 240). C11's SetDefDrawEnv writes clip.y = y_arg. */
mac_store_v2s2( R_0, R_ScreenY, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,drawing_offset[0]) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,0)), /* draw[0].drawing_offset[0] = (0, 240); C11 passes y_arg as ofs. */
mac_store_v2s2(R_ScreenX, R_ScreenY, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,clip_area.width) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,1)),
/* draw[0].texture_window = (0, 0, 0, 0); two word-zeroes cover the full 8-byte tw field. */
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,texture_window.x) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,0)),
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,texture_window.width) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,0)),
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,drawing_offset[0].x) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,1)),
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,texture_window.x) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,1)),
store_word(R_0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,texture_window.width) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,1)),
/* draw[0].texture_page = 10 (gp0_tpage_default). C11 SetDefDrawEnv at C11_only.elf:0x8001273C writes the same 0x0A. . */
add_ui(R_T0, R_0, gp0_tpage_default),
store_half(R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,texture_page) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,0)),
store_half(R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,texture_page) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,1)),
/* draw[0] control bytes: flag_dither=1, flag_draw_on_display=1 (the dfe bit per psx-spx; libpsyx sets it via `SetDefDrawEnv`'s conditional at C11_only.elf:0x80012728), enable_auto_clear=1. Each byte is named;
* the previous `store_word(R_0, ..., +20)` overwrote all four with zero. */
add_ui(R_T0, R_0, 1),
store_byte(R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,flag_dither) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,0)),
store_byte(R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,flag_draw_on_display) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,0)),
store_byte(R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,enable_auto_clear) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,0)),
store_byte(R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,flag_dither) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,1)),
store_byte(R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,flag_draw_on_display) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,1)),
store_byte(R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,enable_auto_clear) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,1)),
/* draw[0].initial_bg_color = (r=7, g=7, b=7). */
add_ui(R_T0, R_0, 7),
mac_store_rgb8(R_T0,R_T0,R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,initial_bg_color) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,0)),
mac_store_rgb8(R_T0,R_T0,R_T0, R_ScreenBuf, O_(DrawEnv,initial_bg_color) + OA_(DoubleBuffer,draw,1)),
mac_yield(),
};
enum {
R_IO_BaseAddr = R_T4 atom_reg, /* Caller-pinned: IO_BASE_ADDR = 0x1F800000 */
#define R_IO_BaseAddr_Code R_T4_Code
};
internal MipsAtom_(gp_screen_init) atom_info(atom_phase(screen_init), atom_reads(R_IO_BaseAddr)) {
store_word(R_0, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET), /* GP1(00h) Reset */
mac_gcmd_push(gp1_word_ResetCmdBuffer(), R_T5, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET), /* GP1(01h) ClearFIFO */
mac_gcmd_push(gp1_word_AcknowledgeIRQ(), R_T5, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET), /* GP1(02h) AckIRQ */
mac_gcmd_push(gp1_word_DisplayOn(), R_T5, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET), /* GP1(03h) Display ON */
mac_gcmd_push(gp1_word_dma_to_gpu(), R_T5, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET), /* GP1(04h) DMADirection=2 (CPU→GPU). libpsyx's per-frame PutDrawEnv/DrawOTag use DMA2; without this the DMA queue never drains. */
mac_gcmd_push(gp1_word_StartDisplayArea(), R_T5, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET), /* GP1(05h) StartDisplayArea (X=0, Y=0) */
/* GP1: DisplayMode + Display Ranges */
mac_gcmd_push(gp1_word_display_mode_320x240_15bit_ntsc, R_T5, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET),
mac_gcmd_push(gp1_word_horizontal_range_ntsc, R_T5, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET),
mac_gcmd_push(gp1_word_vertical_range_ntsc, R_T5, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET),
/* GTE: SetGeomOffset (OFX, OFY) — ScreenRes_CenterX, ScreenRes_CenterY. */
load_upper_i(R_T5, ScreenRes_CenterX), gte_mv_to_ctrl_r(R_T5, gte_cr_OFX_Code),
load_upper_i(R_T5, ScreenRes_CenterY), gte_mv_to_ctrl_r(R_T5, gte_cr_OFY_Code),
/* GTE: SetGeomScreen (H) — CR26 (per PSX-SPX / libpsyx), value is the raw projection-plane distance, NOT shifted. */
add_ui(R_T5, R_0, ScreenZ), gte_mv_to_ctrl_r(R_T5, gte_cr_H_Code),
/* GP1: DisplayEnable — bit 0 = 0 (Display ON). */
mac_gcmd_push(gp1_word_DisplayOn(), R_T5, R_IO_BaseAddr, GPIO_PORT1_OFFSET),
mac_yield(),
};
enum {
R_PrimCursor = R_T7 atom_reg atom_type(U4*), /* VRAM output cursor (primitive buffer) */
R_FaceCursor = R_T4 atom_reg atom_type(V4_S2*), /* Cube face-index cursor (V4_S2*); floor context switches to V3_S2* via atom_phase */
R_VertBase = R_T5 atom_reg atom_type(V3_S2*), /* Base address of the vertex array */
R_OtBase = R_T6 atom_reg atom_type(U4*), /* Base address of the Ordering Table */
#define R_PrimCursor_Code R_T7_Code
#define R_FaceCursor_Code R_T4_Code
#define R_VertBase_Code R_T5_Code
#define R_OtBase_Code R_T6_Code
};
typedef Struct_(Binds_CubeTri) {
U4 PrimCursor;
V4_S2* FaceCursor;
V3_S2* VertBase;
U4* OtBase;
};
internal MipsAtom_(rbind_cube_g4_face) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_CubeTri), atom_phase(cube_g4)
, atom_reads(R_TapePtr)
, atom_writes(R_PrimCursor, R_FaceCursor, R_VertBase, R_OtBase, R_TapePtr)
){
/* Pop 4 arguments from the tape directly into the workspace registers */
load_word(R_PrimCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,PrimCursor)),
load_word(R_FaceCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,FaceCursor)),
load_word(R_VertBase, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,VertBase)),
load_word(R_OtBase, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_CubeTri,OtBase)),
add_ui_self( R_TapePtr, S_(Binds_CubeTri)),
mac_yield()
};
// cube_g4_face — Draw one cube face (Gouraud-shaded quad) via the GTE tape pipeline
internal
MipsAtom_(cube_g4_face) atom_info(atom_phase(cube_g4),
atom_reads( R_PrimCursor, R_FaceCursor, R_VertBase, R_OtBase),
atom_writes(R_PrimCursor, R_FaceCursor)
){
load_half_u(R_T0, R_FaceCursor, 0 * S_(S2)),
load_half_u(R_T1, R_FaceCursor, 1 * S_(S2)),
load_half_u(R_T2, R_FaceCursor, 2 * S_(S2)),
load_half_u(R_T3, R_FaceCursor, 3 * S_(S2)),
mac_gte_load_tri_verts(R_VertBase, R_T0, R_T1, R_T2),
nop2, gte_cmdw_rotate_translate_perspective_triple, // required cpu -> gte delay slot
gte_cmdw_nclip,
gte_mv_from_data_r(R_T0, C2_MAC0), nop,
branch_le_zero(R_T0, atom_offset(cull, cube_g4_face_exit)),
/* BD-slot: write the prim tag (R_0=0; overwrites the legacy tag word in the prim_buffer).
* If branch IS taken (face culled), the body is skipped and this 0-tag is stranded —
* harmless because the OT entry that points to this prim is created later, only on the body path. */
store_word(R_0, R_PrimCursor, O_(Poly_G4, tag)),
shift_lleft(R_AT, R_T3, v3s2_byteoff), add_u(R_AT, R_AT, R_VertBase),
load_word(R_V0, R_AT, O_(V3_S2, x)), load_word(R_V1, R_AT, O_(V3_S2, z)),
gte_mv_to_data_r(R_V0, C2_VXY0), gte_mv_to_data_r(R_V1, C2_VZ0),
mac_gte_store_g4_p012(R_PrimCursor),
gte_cmdw_rotate_translate_perspective_single,
mac_gte_store_g4_p3(R_PrimCursor),
gte_cmdw_avg_sort_z4,
gte_mv_from_data_r(R_T1, C2_OTZ),
add_ui( R_AT, R_0, OrderingTbl_Len),
set_lt_u( R_AT, R_T1, R_AT),
branch_equal(R_AT, R_0, atom_offset(bounds_chk, cube_g4_face_exit)), nop,
mac_insert_ot_tag_g4(R_OtBase, R_PrimCursor),
mac_format_g4_color(R_PrimCursor,
/* c0 magenta */ 0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF,
/* c1 yellow */ 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00,
/* c2 cyan */ 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF,
/* c3 green */ 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00),
// end: branch(bounds_chk)
// end: branch(cull)
atom_label(cube_g4_face_exit)
add_ui_self(R_PrimCursor, S_(Poly_G4)), /* 9 words = Poly_G4 */
add_ui_self(R_FaceCursor, S_(S2) * 4), /* 4 × S2 = 8 bytes */
mac_yield()
};
typedef Struct_(Binds_FloorTri) {
U4 PrimCursor;
V3_S2* FaceCursor;
V3_S2* VertBase;
U4* OtBase;
};
internal
MipsAtom_(rbind_floor_f3_face) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_FloorTri), atom_phase(floor_f3)
, atom_reads(R_TapePtr)
, atom_writes(R_PrimCursor, R_FaceCursor, R_VertBase, R_OtBase, R_TapePtr)
){
/* Pop 4 arguments from the tape directly into the workspace registers */
load_word(R_PrimCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,PrimCursor)),
load_word(R_FaceCursor, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,FaceCursor)),
load_word(R_VertBase, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,VertBase)),
load_word(R_OtBase, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_FloorTri,OtBase)),
add_ui_self( R_TapePtr, S_(Binds_FloorTri)),
mac_yield()
};
// atom_dbg_skip
internal
MipsAtom_(floor_f3_face) atom_info(atom_phase(floor_f3)
, atom_reads( R_PrimCursor, R_FaceCursor, R_VertBase, R_OtBase)
, atom_writes(R_PrimCursor, R_FaceCursor)
) {
mac_load_tri_indices( R_FaceCursor, R_T0, R_T1, R_T2),
mac_gte_load_tri_verts(R_VertBase, R_T0, R_T1, R_T2),
nop2, gte_cmdw_rotate_translate_perspective_triple, // 2 nops retire the final cpu -> gte writes before RTPT
gte_cmdw_nclip,
/* Culling (Branch forward if Backface) */
gte_mv_from_data_r(R_T0, C2_MAC0),
nop, branch_le_zero(R_T0, atom_offset(culling, floor_f3_face_exit)), nop, // required gte -> cpu load-delay slot.
/* Format Primitive */
mac_gte_store_f3(R_PrimCursor),
/* Calculate Depth */
gte_avg_sort_z3,
gte_mv_from_data_r(R_T1, C2_OTZ),
/* Bounds Check OTZ < 2048 (Branch forward to skip insertion) */
add_ui( R_AT, R_0, OrderingTbl_Len),
set_lt_u( R_AT, R_T1, R_AT),
branch_equal(R_AT, R_0, atom_offset(bounds_chk, floor_f3_face_exit)), nop,
mac_format_f3_color(R_PrimCursor, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF), // RGB-form (R=FF, G=FF, B=FF = white)
mac_insert_ot_tag_f3(R_OtBase, R_PrimCursor), /* Insert into Ordering Table Linked List */
add_ui_self(R_PrimCursor, S_(Poly_F3)), /* Advance Prim Cursor (5 words) */
// Note(Ed): No bounds checking, should be checked before atom runs.
// end: branch(bounds_chk)
// end: branch(culling)
/* Advance Input Cursor & Yield (Both branch targets land here) */
atom_label(floor_f3_face_exit)
add_ui_self(R_FaceCursor, S_(S2) * 4), /* Advance Face Cursor (4 * S2 = 8 bytes) */
mac_yield()
};
typedef Struct_(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena) { U4 used; U4 cursor; };
internal MipsAtom_(sync_primitive_arena) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena)
, atom_reads( R_TapePtr, R_PrimCursor)
, atom_writes(R_TapePtr)
){
load_word(R_AT, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena,used)),
load_word(R_T0, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena,cursor)),
add_ui_self( R_TapePtr, S_(Binds_SyncPrimitiveArena)),
/* Calculate byte offset and store directly back to RAM */
sub_u( R_T0, R_PrimCursor, R_T0), // R_T0 = R_PrimCursor - binds.cursor
store_word(R_T0, R_AT, 0), // R_AT[0] = R_T0
mac_yield()
};
/* ----- pad_bios_snapshot -----
* Per-frame snapshot of one BIOS pad buffer into PadState.
* Decoder (branch ladder on raw[0] status + raw[1] id):
* 1. raw[0] == 0xFF -> Disconnected (buttons=0, axes=0x80)
* 2. raw[0]==0 && raw[1]==0 -> Pending (buttons=0, axes=0x80)
* 3. raw[1] == 0x41 -> Digital (buttons normalized; axes=0x80)
* 4. raw[1] == 0x53 -> AnalogStick (buttons normalized; axes from raw[4..7])
* 5. raw[1] in 0x7x -> AnalogPad (buttons normalized; axes from raw[4..7])
* 6. else -> Unsupported (buttons=0, axes=0x80)
*
* Buttons normalization: byte_swap16((~raw_buttons) & 0xFFFF).
* raw_buttons = load_half_u(raw, 2) = raw[2] | (raw[3] << 8).
* byte_swap16(x) = (x >> 8) | (x << 8); nor(x, R_0) = ~x. store_half truncates to 16 bits so the upper-16 mask is implicit in the store.
*
* Register use (atom-local; no wave-context touched):
* R_T0 = raw base (kept throughout; axes loads read raw[4..7] from R_T0)
* R_T1 = state base (kept throughout; all stores go through R_T1)
* R_T2 = raw[0] status (alive across the disc/pending/id dispatch, then dead)
* R_T3 = raw[1] id (alive across the id dispatch, then dead)
* R_T4 = scratch (shifts, compares, immediate loads, store values)
* R_T5 = scratch (parallel lui+ori for the 0x80808080 axes constant + byte-swap target)
*/
enum {
R_PadRaw = R_T0 atom_reg atom_type(U1),
R_PadState = R_T1 atom_reg,
R_RawStatus = R_T2 atom_reg,
R_RawId = R_T3 atom_reg,
};
typedef Struct_(Binds_PadBiosSnapshot) {
PadBiosRaw* raw;
PadState* state;
};
internal MipsAtom_(pad_bios_snapshot) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_PadBiosSnapshot)
, atom_reads( R_PadRaw, R_PadState, R_RawStatus, R_RawId, R_T4, R_T5, R_TapePtr)
, atom_writes(R_PadRaw, R_PadState, R_RawStatus, R_RawId, R_T4, R_T5, R_TapePtr)
) {
/* === Bind consumption: T0 = raw, T1 = state, advance R_TapePtr by 8. */
load_word(R_PadRaw, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_PadBiosSnapshot,raw)),
load_word(R_PadState, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_PadBiosSnapshot,state)),
add_ui_self( R_TapePtr, S_(Binds_PadBiosSnapshot)),
/* === Read raw[0] (status) + raw[1] (id) */
load_byte_u(R_RawStatus, R_PadRaw, 0),
load_byte_u(R_RawId, R_PadRaw, 1),
atom_label(snap_root) /* === Case 1: Disconnected (status == 0xFF). */
add_ui(R_T4, R_0, 0xFF), branch_ne(R_RawStatus, R_T4, atom_offset(snap_root, skip_disconnected)),
/* BD-slot: pre-compute PadStatus_Disconnected. Branch reads R_T4=0xFF in EX before this WB completes.
* If branch NOT taken (fall through to pending/id_dispatch), R_T4 is overwritten by the next case body's add_ui — harmless. */
atom_label(disconnected) /* === Disconnected body. */
/* R_T4 = PadStatus_Disconnected from snap_root BD-slot. */
store_word(R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,status)),
store_half(R_0, R_PadState, O_(PadState,buttons)),
/* axes = 0x80808080 (centered) — single sw writes the 4-byte axes block at offset 8 (left_x, left_y, right_x, right_y). */
load_upper_i(R_T4, 0x8080), or_i_self(R_T4, 0x8080),
store_word( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,left_x)),
store_byte( R_RawId, R_PadState, O_(PadState,id)),
jump_rel(atom_offset(disconnected, snap_end)),
/* BD-slot: load next atom's entry point (replaces the nop).
* The unconditional branch always jumps to snap_end, where mac_yield_tail()
* transfers control to R_AtomJmp without re-loading it. */
mac_yield_load(),
atom_label(skip_disconnected)
/* === Case 2: Pending (status == 0 && id == 0)
* Combined check: if (status | id) != 0 then skip to id_dispatch.
* Falls through to the Pending case only when both are zero. */
or_u_self(R_RawStatus, R_RawId), branch_ne(R_RawStatus, R_0, atom_offset(case_2, id_dispatch)),
/* BD-slot: pre-compute PadStatus_Pending. Branch reads R_RawStatus in EX before this WB completes.
* If branch NOT taken (fall through to id_dispatch), R_T4 is overwritten by the digital/analog body add_ui — harmless. */
atom_label(pending) /* === Pending body */
/* R_T4 = PadStatus_Pending from case_2 BD-slot. */
store_word(R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,status)),
store_half(R_0, R_PadState, O_(PadState,buttons)),
/* axes = 0x80808080 (centered) — single sw writes the 4-byte axes block at offset 8 (left_x, left_y, right_x, right_y). */
load_upper_i(R_T4, 0x8080), or_i_self(R_T4, 0x8080),
store_word( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,left_x)),
store_byte( R_RawId, R_PadState, O_(PadState,id)),
jump_rel(atom_offset(pending, snap_end)),
mac_yield_load(),
atom_label(id_dispatch) /* === Case 3-6: ID dispatch */
add_ui(R_T4, R_0, 0x41), branch_ne(R_RawId, R_T4, atom_offset(id_dispatch, try_analog_stick)),
/* BD-slot: pre-compute PadStatus_Digital. Branch reads R_RawId in EX before this WB completes.
* If branch NOT taken (fall through to try_analog_stick), R_T4 is overwritten by the analog body add_ui. */
/* === Digital body (status, buttons normalize, axes=0x80, id, branch. */
/* R_T4 = PadStatus_Digital from id_dispatch BD-slot. */
store_word( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,status)),
load_half_u(R_T4, R_PadRaw, 2 * S_(U1)),
/* Fill R_T4's load-delay slot with the 0x80808080 axes constant into R_T5
* (R_T5 is dead on this path; it's only consumed at the analog_pad range check). */
load_upper_i(R_T5, 0x8080), or_i_self(R_T5, 0x8080),
nor_u( R_T4, R_T4, R_0), /* raw_buttons is already in host bit order; no swap needed */
store_half( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,buttons)),
/* axes = 0x80808080 (centered) — single sw writes the 4-byte axes block at offset 8 (left_x, left_y, right_x, right_y). */
store_word( R_T5, R_PadState, O_(PadState,left_x)),
add_ui( R_T4, R_0, 0x41),
store_byte( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,id)),
jump_rel(atom_offset(id_dispatch, snap_end)),
mac_yield_load(),
atom_label(try_analog_stick) /* === Case 4: AnalogStick (id == 0x53)*/
add_ui(R_T4, R_0, 0x53), branch_ne(R_RawId, R_T4, atom_offset(try_analog_stick, try_analog_pad)),
/* BD-slot: pre-compute PadStatus_AnalogStick. Branch reads R_RawId in EX before this WB completes.
* If branch NOT taken (fall through to try_analog_pad), R_T4 is overwritten by the analog_pad body add_ui. */
atom_label(analog_stick) /* === AnalogStick body
* Axes are loaded as two halfwords: raw[6..7] → left_xy (sh at offset 8), raw[4..5] → right_xy (sh at offset 10).
* R_T5 holds left_xy / id-value in turn (it's dead on this path — only consumed at the analog_pad range check). */
/* R_T4 = PadStatus_AnalogStick from try_analog_stick BD-slot. */
store_word( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,status)),
load_half_u( R_T4, R_PadRaw, 2 * S_(U1)), /* R_T4 = raw_buttons */
load_half_u( R_T5, R_PadRaw, 6 * S_(U1)), /* R_T5 = left_xy; fills R_T4's load-delay slot (doesn't read R_T4) */
nor_u( R_T4, R_T4, R_0), /* R_T4 = ~raw_buttons */
store_half( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,buttons)),
load_half_u( R_T4, R_PadRaw, 4 * S_(U1)), /* R_T4 = right_xy; fills R_T5's load-delay slot */
store_half( R_T5, R_PadState, O_(PadState,left_x)), /* R_T5 settled, store left_xy */
store_half( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,right_x)),
add_ui( R_T5, R_0, 0x53), /* R_T5 = id value (clobbers left_xy, already stored) */
store_byte( R_T5, R_PadState, O_(PadState,id)),
jump_rel(atom_offset(analog_stick, snap_end)),
mac_yield_load(),
atom_label(try_analog_pad) /* === Case 5-6: AnalogPad (id & 0xF0 == 0x70) */
and_i( R_T4, R_RawId, 0xF0),
add_ui( R_T5, R_0, 0x70),
branch_ne(R_T4, R_T5, atom_offset(try_analog_pad, try_unsupported)),
/* BD-slot: pre-compute PadStatus_AnalogPad. Branch reads R_T4 in EX before this WB completes.
* If branch NOT taken (fall through to try_unsupported), R_T4 is overwritten by the unsupported body add_ui. */
atom_label(analog_pad) /* === AnalogPad body
* Same shape as AnalogStick with AnalogPad status. R_T5 holds left_xy (it's dead on this path). */
/* R_T4 = PadStatus_AnalogPad from try_analog_pad BD-slot. */
store_word( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,status)),
load_half_u(R_T4, R_PadRaw, 2 * S_(U1)), /* R_T4 = raw_buttons */
load_half_u(R_T5, R_PadRaw, 6 * S_(U1)), /* R_T5 = left_xy; fills R_T4's load-delay slot */
nor_u( R_T4, R_T4, R_0), /* R_T4 = ~raw_buttons */
store_half( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,buttons)),
load_half_u(R_T4, R_PadRaw, 4 * S_(U1)), /* R_T4 = right_xy; fills R_T5's load-delay slot */
store_half( R_T5, R_PadState, O_(PadState,left_x)), /* R_T5 settled, store left_xy */
store_half( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,right_x)),
store_byte( R_RawId, R_PadState, O_(PadState,id)),
jump_rel(atom_offset(analog_pad, snap_end)),
mac_yield_load(),
atom_label(try_unsupported) /* === Case 7: Unsupported — fall through from the AnalogPad range-check miss. */
add_ui( R_T4, R_0, PadStatus_Unsupported),
store_word(R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,status)),
store_half(R_0, R_PadState, O_(PadState,buttons)),
/* axes = 0x80808080 (centered) — single sw writes the 4-byte axes block at offset 8 (left_x, left_y, right_x, right_y). */
load_upper_i(R_T4, 0x8080), or_i_self(R_T4, 0x8080),
store_word( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,left_x)),
add_ui( R_T4, R_0, 0xFF), /* 0xFF sentinel: "unknown id" */
store_byte( R_T4, R_PadState, O_(PadState,id)),
/* Fall through to snap_end. */
atom_label(no_jump_fallthrough)
mac_yield_load(),
atom_label(snap_end)
/* NOT mac_yield() — R_AtomJmp was already loaded in the BD-slot of the case-exit branch. */
mac_yield_tail(),
};
/* ----- pad_apply_input -----
* Reads pad[0].buttons + pad[0].left_x;
* Applies the input-semantics deltas to cube_rot.y + floor_rot.y:
* - D-pad Left: cube_rot.y += 30, floor_rot.y += 5
* - D-pad Right: cube_rot.y -= 30, floor_rot.y -= 5
* - Analog stick X (dead zone 0x70..0x90):
* cube delta = (0x80 - left_x) >> 2 (range approx -32..+32)
* floor delta = (0x80 - left_x) >> 5 (range approx -4..+4)
* - D-pad + analog deltas add when used together.
*
* Convention:
* pad_state = 0 means no buttons active.
* The fail-safe zero-button value flows through unchanged, so a disconnected/fresh pad produces no rotation.
* The branch_le_zero pattern below matches the existing pad_input_demo convention (atom body lines 248/257).
*
* Signed-delta trick:
* load_byte_u zero-extends left_x to 32 bits; sub_u from 0x80 wraps to a SIGNED two's-complement value in the negative range;
* shift_aright (sra) then correctly sign-extends the shift for both positive (left_x < 0x80) and negative (left_x > 0x80) cases.
* Digital pads publish left_x = 0x80 → delta = 0 → no rotation, so the analog step is naturally a no-op for digital controllers.
*/
typedef Struct_(Binds_PadApplyInput) {
PadState* state;
V3_S2* cube_rot;
V3_S2* floor_rot;
};
enum {
R_PadStateT5 = R_T5 atom_reg,
R_CubeRot = R_T1 atom_reg,
R_FloorRot = R_T2 atom_reg,
};
internal MipsAtom_(pad_apply_input) atom_info(atom_bind(Binds_PadApplyInput)
, atom_reads(R_T0, R_CubeRot, R_FloorRot, R_T3, R_T4, R_PadStateT5, R_TapePtr)
, atom_writes( R_CubeRot, R_FloorRot)
) {
/* Pop Binds from tape (state, cube_rot, floor_rot) */
load_word(R_PadStateT5, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_PadApplyInput,state)),
load_word(R_CubeRot, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_PadApplyInput,cube_rot)),
load_word(R_FloorRot, R_TapePtr, O_(Binds_PadApplyInput,floor_rot)),
add_ui_self( R_TapePtr, S_(Binds_PadApplyInput)),
/* Load pad[0].buttons into R_T0. */
load_word(R_T0, R_PadStateT5, O_(PadState,buttons)), nop,
// Note(Ed): Potential op with delay slot?
/* D-pad Left: cube_rot.y += 30, floor_rot.y += 5. */
and_i(R_T3, R_T0, pad0_(Pad_Left)), branch_le_zero(R_T3, atom_offset(dpad_left, exit_dpad_left)),
load_half( R_T4, R_CubeRot, O_(V3_S2,y)), /* BD-slot */
load_half( R_T3, R_FloorRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
add_si( R_T4, R_T4, 30),
add_si( R_T3, R_T3, 5),
store_half(R_T4, R_CubeRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
store_half(R_T3, R_FloorRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
atom_label(exit_dpad_left)
/* D-pad Right: cube_rot.y -= 30, floor_rot.y -= 5. */
and_i(R_T3, R_T0, pad0_(Pad_Right)), branch_le_zero(R_T3, atom_offset(dpad_right, exit_dpad_right)),
load_half( R_T4, R_CubeRot, O_(V3_S2,y)), /* BD-slot */
load_half( R_T3, R_FloorRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
add_si( R_T4, R_T4, -30),
add_si( R_T3, R_T3, -5),
store_half(R_T4, R_CubeRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
store_half(R_T3, R_FloorRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
atom_label(exit_dpad_right)
/* Analog left-stick X: dead zone 0x70..0x90.
* Cube delta = (0x80 - left_x) >> 2; floor delta = (0x80 - left_x) >> 5. */
load_byte_u(R_T3, R_PadStateT5, O_(PadState,left_x)),
/* Dead-zone check: skip analog if left_x in [0x70, 0x90] inclusive. Outside dead zone on LOW side: left_x < 0x70 (strictly).
* set_lt_u(R_T4, R_T3, R_T4=0x70) → R_T4 = (left_x < 0x70) ? 1 : 0. */
add_ui(R_T4, R_0, 0x70), set_lt_u(R_T4, R_T3, R_T4), branch_ne(R_T4, R_0, atom_offset(dead_zone_low_check, dead_low_active)),
add_ui(R_T4, R_0, 0x80), /* BD-slot: pre-load 0x80 for dead_low_active */
atom_label(dead_check_upper)
/* left_x >= 0x70 → check upper bound. */
load_byte_u(R_T3, R_PadStateT5, O_(PadState,left_x)), /* reload */
add_ui( R_T4, R_0, 0x90),
/* R_T4 = (0x90 < left_x) ? 1 : 0 → (left_x > 0x90) ? 1 : 0 */
set_lt_u(R_T4, R_T4, R_T3), branch_ne(R_T4, R_0, atom_offset(dead_zone_high_check, dead_high_active)),
add_ui( R_T4, R_0, 0x80), /* BD-slot: pre-load 0x80 for dead_high_active */
jump_rel(atom_offset(dead_zone_skip, exit_stick)),
mac_yield_load(),
atom_label(dead_low_active)
/* R_T3 = left_x (from line 632 lbu; not clobbered between dead_zone_low_check branch + its BD-slot `add_ui R_T4, 0x80`).
* The earlier `load_byte_u(R_T3, ...)` reload was redundant and introduced a load-use hazard on the next `sub_u`.
* R_T4 = 0x80 from the BD-slot of `dead_zone_low_check`'s branch_ne. */
sub_u( R_T3, R_T4, R_T3), /* R_T3 = 0x80 - left_x */
/* delta = 0x80 - left_x (positive). */
/* R_T4 = cube_delta */
shift_aright(R_T4, R_T3, 2),
load_half( R_T0, R_CubeRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
nop,
add_u( R_T0, R_T0, R_T4),
store_half( R_T0, R_CubeRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
/* R_T4 = floor_delta — moved into the load-delay slot of the floor load below (fills the 1-instruction gap;
* doesn't read R_T0; R_T4 settles by the subsequent add_u). */
load_half( R_T0, R_FloorRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
shift_aright(R_T4, R_T3, 5),
add_u( R_T0, R_T0, R_T4),
store_half( R_T0, R_FloorRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
jump_rel(atom_offset(end_low, exit_stick)),
mac_yield_load(),
atom_label(dead_high_active)
/* R_T3 = left_x (from line 641 lbu in dead_check_upper; not clobbered between dead_zone_high_check branch + its BD-slot `add_ui R_T4, 0x80`).
* The earlier `load_byte_u(R_T3, ...)` reload was redundant and introduced a load-use hazard on the next `sub_u`.
* R_T4 = 0x80 from the BD-slot of `dead_zone_high_check`'s branch_ne. */
sub_u( R_T3, R_T4, R_T3),
/* delta = 0x80 - left_x (signed negative). */
shift_aright(R_T4, R_T3, 2), /* R_T4 = cube_delta (signed) */
load_half( R_T0, R_CubeRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
nop,
add_u( R_T0, R_T0, R_T4),
store_half( R_T0, R_CubeRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
/* R_T4 = floor_delta (signed) — moved into the load-delay slot of the floor load below. */
load_half( R_T0, R_FloorRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
shift_aright(R_T4, R_T3, 5),
add_u( R_T0, R_T0, R_T4),
store_half( R_T0, R_FloorRot, O_(V3_S2,y)),
atom_label(no_jump_fallthrough)
mac_yield_load(),
atom_label(exit_stick)
/* NOT mac_yield() — R_AtomJmp was already loaded in the BD-slot of the dead-zone/exit branch. */
mac_yield_tail(),
};
#pragma endregion Baked Atoms